The immutability of God is defined as God’s not changing in any way in his nature, in his moral character; God is ‘without variableness or shadow of turning.’ James 1:17 A corollary of this is God’s impassibility, meaning God is emotionally unchangeable; he doesn’t suffer, he is not subject to fits of passion in response to circumstances.
James writes:
‘Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation, or shadow due to change.’ 1:17
In the Old Testament we read:
‘God is not man, that he should lie, or a son of man, that he should change his mind. Has he said, and will he not do? Or has he spoken, and will he not fulfil it? Numbers 23:19
Yet we also read:
‘Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey; but I will not go up among you, lest I consume you on the way, for you are a stiff-necked people...And [Moses] said, ‘If your presence will not go with me, do not bring us up from here...And the LORD said to Moses, ‘This very thing that you have spoken I will do, for you have found favour in my sight…’ Exodus 23:3,15,17
‘My presence will go with you, and I will give you rest.’ Exodus 23:14
We must remember that it is God who is unchangeable. Man, on the other hand, is a fallen, sinful creature, and it is man with whom God is dealing when God makes declarations of intent. Some declarations are absolute in nature, others are conditional.
A wicked man is, by God’s decree, bound for eternal punishment. Nevertheless, a wicked man who repents is bound for eternal blessing. It is not God who has changed, but man. If a righteous man turns away to wickedness he is no longer the righteous man to whom God has made promises. What appears to be change in God is God’s immutability working out in changeable man. God’s attitude to sin is fixed and constant, his attitude to the humble and righteous similarly unchangeable. It has been said that he changes because he is unchangeable.
This principle is clearly seen in the LORD’S word to Jeremiah:
‘If at any time I announce that a nation or kingdom is to be uprooted, torn down and destroyed, and if that nation I warned repents of its evil, then I will relent and not inflict on it the disaster I had planned. And if at another time I announce that a nation or kingdom is to be built up and planted, and if it does evil in my sight and does not obey me, then I will reconsider the good I had intended to do for it.’ 18:7-10
This is a helpful text to remember when considering Jonah’s complaint to God that Nineveh was spared. Jonah knew his theology better than those who, today, use his story to insist God is mutable:
Isn’t this what I said, Lord, when I was still at home? That is what I tried to forestall by fleeing to Tarshish. I knew that you are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger and abounding in love, a God who relents from sending calamity.’ Jonah 4:1,2

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